Revisão de Tempos Verbais

To be – Present

Affirmative Singular: Plural: - I am - we are - You are - you are - He is - they are - She is - It is

Negative Singular: Plural: - I am not - We are not - You am not - You are not - He is not - they are not - She is not - It is not

Interrogative Singular: Plural: - Am I ? - Are we? - Are you? - Are you? - Is he? - Are they? - Is she? - Is it?

Simple present tense

Usa-se o presente simples para indicar:

· Um fato.

My Classes start at seven o’clock.

· Uma ação habitual, um acontecimento , é geralmente usado com advérbios de tempo. Always, often, usually, frequently, sometimes, never, every day, on Monday, etc.

I always listen to the radio.

• Forma Afirmativa

Para as primeiras e segundas pessoas( I,you, we, they), o verbo fica igual à forma infinitiva (mas sem a partícula “to”), nas terceiras pessoas do singular (he,she,it) , há a necessidade de adicionar S ao fim do verbo .

Verbos terminados em o, ch, s, ss, sh, x ou z Acrescenta "ES"

Exemplos:

GO (ir) = GOES
CATCH (pegar) = CATCHES
PASS (passar) = PASSES
BRUSH (escovar) = BRUSHES,
FIX (consertar) = FIXES
BUZZ (zumbir) = BUZZES

Macete: Se esquecer as terminações lembre-se:

Xuxa ficou Zangada porque O Seu SHampoo CHeiroso EStragou!

Verbos terminados em Y precedidos de consoante, troca o Y por I e acrescenta "ES"
Exemplos:
TRY (tentar) = TRIES
STUDY (estudar) = STUDIES

• Forma Interrogativa

Para fazer frases interrogativas, vamos usar o auxiliar DO (ou DOES, para as terceiras pessoas) antes do verbo.

Exemplos:

- Do you go to school ? (Você vai para a escola ?)
- Does she work ? (Ela trabalha? )

• Formas negativa

Para tornar uma frase negativa, é só adicionar o “NOT” depois do DO ou DOES:

Exemplos:

- I Do not (don’t) work (eu não trabalho)
- She does not (doesn’t) work (ela não trabalha)

Affirmative - I walk - You walk - He walk - She walks - It walks - We walk - You walk - they walk

Negative - I don't walk - You don't walk - He doesn't walk - She doesn't walk - It doesn't walk - We don't walk - You don't walk - they don't walk

Interrogative - I walk - You walk - He walk - She walks - It walks - We walk - You walk - they walk

To be - Simple past

Affirmative - I was - You were - He was - She was - It were - We were - You were - They were

Negative - I was not - You were not - He was not - She was not - It were not - We were not - You were not - They were not

Interrogative - Was I? - Were you? - Was she? - Was he? - Was it? - Were we? - Were you? - Were they?

EXEMPLOS:

Affirmative
I was one
She was marking reports
She was busy the police station

Negative
I was not a gardener
My brothers where not a plumber
Those boys were not painters

Interrogative
When was the girl at the park?
Where were the two friends last Sunday?
Who was at home last night?

Simple Past

Forma afirmativa

Na construção de frases afirmativas no passado simples, os verbos podem ser divididos em duas categorias: Regulares e Irregulares.

Verbos regulares

Formam o passado acrescentando "ED" ao final

I worked You worked He worked She worked It worked We worked You worked They worked

Eu trabalhei Você trabalhou Ele trabalhou Ela trabalhou (Ele/ela) trabalhou (coisas ou animais) Nós trabalhamos Vocês trabalharam Eles trabalharam

Verbos irregulares

Não possuem nenhuma regra para serem conjugados no passado. Cada verbo tem sua própria forma.

Forma interrogativas

Para a construção de frases interrogativas no passado precisamos utilizar o verbo auxiliar "DID". Observe que o "DID" estando presente na frase, a mesma já se encontra no passado, e o verbo não precisa ser conjugado, ficando na forma base..

Interrogative
- Did I +verb?
- Did you +verb?
- Did he + verb?
- Did she + verb?
- Did it + verb?
- Did we + verb?
- Did you + verb?
- Did they + verb?

Exemplo

Did you work a lot yesterday?

Para a construção de frases negativas no passado precisamos utilizar o verbo auxiliar "DID NOT ou DIDN'T". O verbo não precisa ser conjugado, ficando na forma base

Interrogative

Negative

- I did not + verb
- You did not + verb
- He did not + verb
- She did not + verb
- It did not + verb
- We did not + verb
- You did not + verb
- They did not+ verb

Exemplo:

I didn't work a lot yesterday.

Present perfect tense

Affirmative - I have - You have - He has - She has - It has - We have - You have - They have

Negative - I have not - You have not - He has not - She has not - It has not - We have not - You have not - They have not

Interrogative - Have I? - Have you? - Has he? - Has she? - Has it? - Have we? - Have you? - Have they?

O Present Perfect, embora contenha no nome a palavra "present", refere-se sempre ao passado e geralmente é utilizado nas seguintes situações:

Ações que acabaram de ocorrer	Ex: I have cut myself! (Eu me cortei!)
Se não for mencionado, na frase, quando a ação ocorreu	They have arrived (Eles chegaram)
Frases no passado contendo as seguintes palavras: JUST ALREADY YET ALWAYS EVER NEVER	Exemplos: She's just arrived from work (Ela acabou de chegar do trabalho) Have you already washed the car? (Você já lavou o carro?) I haven't gone there yet (Eu não fui lá ainda) I've always lived in London (Eu sempre morei em Londres) Have you ever gone to New York? (Você já foi a New York?) ATENÇÃO: "EVER" aqui tem o sentido de "alguma vez" I've never gone to New York (Eu nunca fui a New York)
Frases contendo palavras que indicam período de tempo passado: RECENTLY FOR A LONG TIME SINCE SO FAR	Exemplos: I haven't seen Ana recently (Eu não tenho visto Ana recentemente) I haven't seen him for a long time (Eu não o vejo há muito tempo) I haven't gone there since 1999 (Eu não vou lá desde 1999) We haven't had problems so far (Não temos tido problemas até agora)
Frases que se referem a um período de tempo que ainda não terminou no momento da fala: TODAY THIS MORNING THIS AFTERNOON THIS YEAR	Exemplos: I haven't seen John today (Eu não ví John hoje) Have you seen Jane this morning? (Você viu Jane esta manhã?)
Frases que indicam a ordem de ocorrência de uma ação no passado: THE FIRST TIME THE SECOND TIME Etc	It was the first time I've gone there (foi a primeira vez que eu fui lá)

Quando NÃO utilizar o Present Perfect

Se, na frase, for mencionado o tempo da ocorrência,	Ex: They arrived yesterday (Eles chegaram ontem)
Em frases onde, mesmo não sendo mencionado o tempo da ocorrência, é evidente que a ação ocorreu há muito tempo	Ex: Shakespeare wrote many plays (Shakespeare escreveu muitas peças)